Classic game replay
William Steinitz vs Adolf Anderssen, 1870
This replay preserves the complete 90-ply score of Anderssen playing Black across 45 numbered moves. The board can be advanced one ply at a time; the notes stick to observable board changes rather than guessing at the players’ intentions.
On this page
- White
- William Steinitz
- Black
- Adolf Anderssen
- Event
- Baden-Baden
- Year
- 1870
- Result
- 0-1
- Opening
- C25 Vienna Game: Anderssen Defense
Opening reference: Vienna Game: Anderssen Defense (C25).
In this game, 20 half-moves are labelled opening, 65 middlegame and 5 endgame. The score contains 20 captures and 16 checks or mates; before a recorded move, the position offered a median of 39 legal choices. The source score ends after 45...Rg3+ with the recorded result 0-1. Its termination tag was not retained, so this record does not infer whether the game ended by resignation, time or another cause.
Practice positions
The daily trainer uses a short set of positions from this complete score. Each link goes to the exact half-move rather than only the numbered move.
- 6...dxe5 — Recapture on e56...dxe5 was a leading choice in the fixed engine check.
- 14...b4 — Create pressure on a314...b4 was a leading choice in the fixed engine check.
- 27...Rb2+ — A forcing check27...Rb2+ was a leading choice in the fixed engine check.
- 29...Qxc5+ — Capture with check on c529...Qxc5+ was a leading choice in the fixed engine check.
- 42...Rxh2+ — Capture with check on h242...Rxh2+ was a leading choice in the fixed engine check.
Replay with move-by-move board facts
The board, fact panel and transcript use the same legal score. “Fixed engine check” means Stockfish 17.1, one thread, a fixed 25,000-node search and 3 candidate lines. It compares moves under one reproducible setting; it does not claim to reconstruct a player’s thoughts.
Start position
Use Previous and Next on the board, or select a move in the transcript. The board fact and fixed engine check remain visible until you choose another move.
Opening · 1.e4 to 10...Qb6
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1.e4
Claim central space
Board fact: White moves the pawn from e2 to e4; from there it controls d5 and f5.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · e4 e5 Nf3 Nc6.
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1...e5
Claim central space
Board fact: Black moves the pawn from e7 to e5; from there it controls d4 and f4.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · e5 Nf3 Nc6 d4.
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2.Nc3
Develop the knight
Board fact: White develops the knight from b1 to c3; from there it controls d5 and e4.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Nc3 Nc6 Nf3 Nf6.
-
2...Bc5
Develop the bishop
Board fact: Black develops the bishop from f8 to c5; from c5 it attacks White's pawn on f2.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Bc5 Nf3.
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3.f4
Change the pawn structure
Board fact: White moves the pawn from f2 to f4; the move changes the central pawn contact; from f4 it attacks Black's pawn on e5.
Fixed engine check: Playable; Nf3 ranked higher · f4 d6 fxe5 dxe5.
-
3...d6
Advance the d-pawn
Board fact: Black moves the pawn from d7 to d6; from there it controls e5 and c5.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · d6 fxe5 Nc6 exd6.
-
4.Nf3
Develop the knight
Board fact: White develops the knight from g1 to f3; from f3 it attacks Black's pawn on e5.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Nf3 Nf6.
-
4...Nf6
Develop the knight
Board fact: Black develops the knight from g8 to f6; from f6 it attacks White's pawn on e4.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Nf6 d3.
-
5.Bc4
Develop the bishop
Board fact: White develops the bishop from f1 to c4; from c4 it attacks Black's pawn on f7.
Fixed engine check: Near the leading choice · Bc4 Nc6 d3 Bg4.
-
5...c6
Advance the c-pawn
Board fact: Black moves the pawn from c7 to c6; from there it controls d5.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · c6 fxe5 dxe5 a3.
-
6.fxe5
Exchange on e5
Board fact: White's pawn takes the pawn on e5; the move changes the central pawn contact; White accepts doubled pawns on the e-file; from e5 it attacks Black's knight on f6 and Black's pawn on d6; white is ahead by 1 conventional material point after the capture.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · fxe5 dxe5 a4 O-O.
-
6...dxe5
Recapture on e5
Board fact: Black's pawn recaptures the pawn on e5; the move changes the central pawn contact; material is level after the capture.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · dxe5 a4.
-
7.Qe2
Reposition the queen
Board fact: White moves the queen from d1 to e2; from there it controls e4, c4 and d3.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Qe2 Qe7.
-
7...Nbd7
Develop the knight
Board fact: Black develops the knight from b8 to d7; from there it controls e5, c5 and f6.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Nbd7.
-
8.d3
Advance the d-pawn
Board fact: White moves the pawn from d2 to d3; from there it controls e4 and c4.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · d3 Qe7 a4 a5.
-
8...b5
Create pressure on c4
Board fact: Black moves the pawn from b7 to b5; from b5 it attacks White's bishop on c4.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · b5 Bb3 O-O a4.
-
9.Bb3
Create pressure on f7
Board fact: White moves the bishop from c4 to b3; from b3 it attacks Black's pawn on f7.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Bb3 O-O a4 Rb8.
-
9...a5
Advance the a-pawn
Board fact: Black moves the pawn from a7 to a5.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · a5 a4 Ba6 Bd2.
-
10.a3
Advance the a-pawn
Board fact: White moves the pawn from a2 to a3.
Fixed engine check: Near the leading choice · a3 O-O Nd1 h6.
-
10...Qb6
Reposition the queen
Board fact: Black moves the queen from d8 to b6; from there it controls c5 and c6.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Qb6 Nd1 O-O Be3.
Middlegame · 11.Nd1 to 43.Kxh2
-
11.Nd1
Reroute the knight
Board fact: White moves the knight from c3 to d1; from there it controls c3 and e3.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Nd1 O-O Ne3 Ba6.
-
11...a4
Create pressure on b3
Board fact: Black moves the pawn from a5 to a4; from a4 it attacks White's bishop on b3.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · a4 Ba2 O-O Ne3.
-
12.Ba2
Create pressure on f7
Board fact: White moves the bishop from b3 to a2; from a2 it attacks Black's pawn on f7.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Ba2 O-O.
-
12...O-O
Kingside castling
Board fact: Black castles kingside, moving the king to g8 and the rook to f8. The move changes king safety and develops the rook in one turn.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · O-O Ne3.
-
13.Ne3
Develop the knight
Board fact: White develops the knight from d1 to e3; from there it controls d5, c4 and f5.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Ne3 Ba6 Bd2 b4.
-
13...Ba6
Develop the bishop
Board fact: Black develops the bishop from c8 to a6; from a6 it reinforces the pawn on b5.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Ba6 Bd2 Rab8 g4.
-
14.Nf5
Create pressure on g7
Board fact: White moves the knight from e3 to f5; from f5 it attacks Black's pawn on g7.
Fixed engine check: Playable; c3 ranked higher · Nf5 b4.
-
14...b4
Create pressure on a3
Board fact: Black moves the pawn from b5 to b4; from b4 it attacks White's pawn on a3.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · b4 axb4 Bxb4+ Kf1.
-
15.axb4
Exchange on b4
Board fact: White's pawn takes the pawn on b4; the move changes the central pawn contact; White accepts doubled pawns on the b-file; from b4 it attacks Black's bishop on c5; white is ahead by 1 conventional material point after the capture.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · axb4 Bxb4+ Kf1 c5.
-
15...Qxb4+
Recapture on b4
Board fact: Black's queen recaptures the pawn on b4; the move checks White's king; from b4 it attacks White's pawn on b2 and White's pawn on e4; material is level after the capture.
Fixed engine check: Near the leading choice · Qxb4+ Kd1.
-
16.c3
Answering the check
Board fact: White answers the check by moving the pawn from c2 to c3; from c3 it attacks Black's queen on b4.
Fixed engine check: Near the leading choice · c3 Qb5.
-
16...Qa5
Create pressure on c3
Board fact: Black moves the queen from b4 to a5; from a5 it attacks White's pawn on c3.
Fixed engine check: Playable; Qb5 ranked higher · Qa5 Qd2.
-
17.Ng5
Create pressure on f7
Board fact: White moves the knight from f3 to g5; from g5 it attacks Black's pawn on f7 and Black's pawn on h7.
Fixed engine check: Playable; Qd2 ranked higher · Ng5 Qb5 Bc4 Qb7.
-
17...Rad8
Rook on the semi-open d-file
Board fact: Black moves the rook from a8 to d8; the rook now works on a semi-open d-file; from d8 it reinforces the rook on f8.
Fixed engine check: Playable; Qb5 ranked higher · Rad8.
-
18.Qf3
Reposition the queen
Board fact: White moves the queen from e2 to f3; from there it controls e4, d3 and e3.
Fixed engine check: Playable; Nxf7 ranked higher · Qf3 Qb5 Bc4 Qb7.
-
18...Qb6
Create pressure on b2
Board fact: Black moves the queen from a5 to b6; from b6 it attacks White's pawn on b2.
Fixed engine check: Near the leading choice · Qb6 Rf1 Qb5 Nxf7.
-
19.Bb1
Reposition the bishop
Board fact: White moves the bishop from a2 to b1; from there it controls d3.
Fixed engine check: Recorded move; Rf1 ranked higher · Bb1 h6.
-
19...a3
Create pressure on b2
Board fact: Black moves the pawn from a4 to a3; from a3 it attacks White's pawn on b2.
Fixed engine check: Recorded move; h6 ranked higher · a3 b4.
-
20.b4
Create pressure on c5
Board fact: White moves the pawn from b2 to b4; from b4 it attacks Black's bishop on c5.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · b4.
-
20...Bxb4
Exchange on b4
Board fact: Black's bishop takes the pawn on b4; from b4 it attacks White's pawn on c3; black is ahead by 1 conventional material point after the capture.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Bxb4 cxb4 Qxb4+ Ke2.
-
21.cxb4
Recapture on b4
Board fact: White's pawn recaptures the bishop on b4; the move changes the central pawn contact; white is ahead by 2 conventional material points after the capture.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · cxb4.
-
21...Qxb4+
Recapture on b4
Board fact: Black's queen recaptures the pawn on b4; the move checks White's king; from b4 it attacks White's bishop on b1 and White's pawn on e4; white is ahead by 1 conventional material point after the capture.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Qxb4+ Ke2 Nc5 Bxa3.
-
22.Ke2
Answering the check
Board fact: White answers the check by moving the king from e1 to e2; from there it controls d3, e3 and f3.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Ke2 Nc5 Bxa3 Qc3.
-
22...a2
Advance a passed pawn
Board fact: Black moves the pawn from a3 to a2; the pawn is now passed; from a2 it attacks White's bishop on b1.
Fixed engine check: Near the leading choice · a2.
-
23.Bd2
Develop the bishop
Board fact: White develops the bishop from c1 to d2; from d2 it attacks Black's queen on b4.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Bd2 Qb7 Rxa2 Nc5.
-
23...Qb5
Create pressure on b1
Board fact: Black moves the queen from b4 to b5; from b5 it attacks White's bishop on b1 and White's pawn on d3.
Fixed engine check: Recorded move; Qb7 ranked higher · Qb5 Bxa2 Nc5 Bc4.
-
24.Rxa2
Exchange on a2
Board fact: White's rook takes the pawn on a2; the rook now occupies the open a-file; from a2 it attacks Black's bishop on a6; white is ahead by 2 conventional material points after the capture.
Fixed engine check: Playable; Bxa2 ranked higher · Rxa2 Nc5 Ra5 Qb6.
-
24...Nc5
Create pressure on d3
Board fact: Black moves the knight from d7 to c5; from c5 it attacks White's pawn on d3 and White's pawn on e4.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Nc5 Ra3 Rd7 Rd1.
-
25.Rxa6
Exchange on a6
Board fact: White's rook takes the bishop on a6; the rook now occupies the open a-file; from a6 it attacks Black's pawn on c6; white is ahead by 5 conventional material points after the capture.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Rxa6 Qxa6 Rc1 Qb5.
-
25...Qxa6
Recapture on a6
Board fact: Black's queen recaptures the rook on a6; from a6 it attacks White's pawn on d3; material is level after the capture.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Qxa6 Rc1.
-
26.Bb4
Create pressure on c5
Board fact: White moves the bishop from d2 to b4; from b4 it attacks Black's knight on c5.
Fixed engine check: Playable; Rc1 ranked higher · Bb4.
-
26...Rb8
Rook on the open b-file
Board fact: Black moves the rook from d8 to b8; the rook now occupies the open b-file; from b8 it attacks White's bishop on b4.
Fixed engine check: Near the leading choice · Rb8 Nh6+ Kh8 Bxc5.
-
27.Bxc5
Exchange on c5
Board fact: White's bishop takes the knight on c5; from c5 it attacks Black's rook on f8; white is ahead by 3 conventional material points after the capture.
Fixed engine check: Recorded move; Nh6+ ranked higher · Bxc5 Rb2+.
-
27...Rb2+
A forcing check
Board fact: Black moves the rook from b8 to b2; the move checks White's king; the rook now occupies the open b-file; from b2 it attacks White's bishop on b1.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Rb2+ Kf1 Qa1 Qd1.
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28.Ke3
Answering the check
Board fact: White answers the check by moving the king from e2 to e3; from there it controls d4, e4 and d3.
Fixed engine check: Near the leading choice · Ke3 Qa5 Rd1 Qxc5+.
-
28...Qa5
Create pressure on c5
Board fact: Black moves the queen from a6 to a5; from a5 it attacks White's bishop on c5.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Qa5 Rd1 Qxc5+ d4.
-
29.Rd1
Improve the rook
Board fact: White moves the rook from h1 to d1; from there it controls d3.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Rd1 Qxc5+ d4 exd4+.
-
29...Qxc5+
Capture with check on c5
Board fact: Black's queen takes the bishop on c5; the move checks White's king; from c5 it reinforces the rook on f8; material is level after the capture.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Qxc5+ d4 exd4+ Kf4.
-
30.d4
Answering the check
Board fact: White answers the check by moving the pawn from d3 to d4; the move changes the central pawn contact; from d4 it attacks Black's queen on c5 and Black's pawn on e5.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · d4 exd4+ Kf4 h6.
-
30...exd4+
Capture with check on d4
Board fact: Black's pawn takes the pawn on d4; the move checks White's king; the pawn is now passed; the move changes the central pawn contact; black is ahead by 1 conventional material point after the capture.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · exd4+ Kf4 h6 h4.
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31.Kf4
Answering the check
Board fact: White answers the check by moving the king from e3 to f4; from there it controls e4, e5 and e3.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Kf4 h6 h4 Nd7.
-
31...h6
Create pressure on g5
Board fact: Black moves the pawn from h7 to h6; from h6 it attacks White's knight on g5.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · h6 h4 Nd7 Rh1.
-
32.Nh3
Reroute the knight
Board fact: White moves the knight from g5 to h3; from there it controls f4.
Fixed engine check: Playable; h4 ranked higher · Nh3 Re8 Qd3 Qe5+.
-
32...Re8
Rook on the semi-open e-file
Board fact: Black moves the rook from f8 to e8; the rook now works on a semi-open e-file; from e8 it attacks White's pawn on e4.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Re8 Kg3 Qe5+ Nf4.
-
33.Qd3
Create pressure on d4
Board fact: White moves the queen from f3 to d3; from d3 it attacks Black's pawn on d4.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Qd3 g5+ Kf3 g4+.
-
33...g5+
A forcing check
Board fact: Black moves the pawn from g7 to g5; the move checks White's king; from there it controls f4.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · g5+ Kf3 g4+ Kg3.
-
34.Kf3
Answering the check
Board fact: White answers the check by moving the king from f4 to f3; from there it controls e4, e3 and f4.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Kf3 g4+ Kg3 Nxe4+.
-
34...g4+
A forcing check
Board fact: Black moves the pawn from g5 to g4; the move checks White's king; from g4 it attacks White's knight on h3.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · g4+ Kg3 Nxe4+ Qxe4.
-
35.Kg3
Answering the check
Board fact: White answers the check by moving the king from f3 to g3; from g3 it attacks Black's pawn on g4.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Kg3 Nxe4+ Qxe4 Rxe4.
-
35...Rxe4
Exchange on e4
Board fact: Black's rook takes the pawn on e4; the rook now occupies the open e-file; from e4 it reinforces the pawn on d4; black is ahead by 2 conventional material points after the capture.
Fixed engine check: Near the leading choice · Rxe4 Rf1 Qe5+ Nf4.
-
36.Qf1
Reposition the queen
Board fact: White moves the queen from d3 to f1; from there it controls c4, d3 and f3.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Qf1 Qe5+ Kh4 gxh3+.
-
36...Qe5+
A forcing check
Board fact: Black moves the queen from c5 to e5; the move checks White's king; from e5 it attacks White's knight on f5.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Qe5+ Nf4 Qxf5 h4.
-
37.Kh4
Answering the check
Board fact: White answers the check by moving the king from g3 to h4; from h4 it attacks Black's pawn on g4.
Fixed engine check: Playable; Nf4 ranked higher · Kh4 Rxb1 Nxh6+ Kf8.
-
37...gxh3+
Capture with check on h3
Board fact: Black's pawn takes the knight on h3; the move checks White's king; the move changes the central pawn contact; Black accepts doubled pawns on the h-file; from h3 it attacks White's pawn on g2; black is ahead by 5 conventional material points after the capture.
Fixed engine check: Recorded move; Rxb1 ranked higher · gxh3+ Kxh3 Rxb1 Rxb1.
-
38.Kxh3
Recapture on h3
Board fact: White's king recaptures the pawn on h3; from h3 it reinforces the pawn on g2; black is ahead by 4 conventional material points after the capture.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Kxh3 Rxb1 Rxb1 Rf4.
-
38...Rb3+
A forcing check
Board fact: Black moves the rook from b2 to b3; the move checks White's king; the rook now occupies the open b-file; from b3 it attacks White's bishop on b1.
Fixed engine check: Recorded move; Rxb1 ranked higher · Rb3+ g3 Rf4 Qa6.
-
39.g3
Answering the check
Board fact: White answers the check by moving the pawn from g2 to g3; from there it controls f4.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · g3 Rf4 Nxh6+ Kf8.
-
39...Rf4
Create pressure on f1
Board fact: Black moves the rook from e4 to f4; from f4 it attacks White's queen on f1 and White's knight on f5.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Rf4 Ne7+ Kh8 Qe1.
-
40.Nxh6+
Capture with check on h6
Board fact: White's knight takes the pawn on h6; the move checks Black's king; from h6 it attacks Black's pawn on f7; black is ahead by 3 conventional material points after the capture.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Nxh6+ Kf8 Qe1 Qxe1.
-
40...Kf8
Answering the check
Board fact: Black answers the check by moving the king from g8 to f8; from f8 it reinforces the pawn on f7.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Kf8 Qe1 Qh5+ Kg2.
-
41.Qc4
Create pressure on b3
Board fact: White moves the queen from f1 to c4; from c4 it attacks Black's rook on b3 and Black's pawn on c6.
Fixed engine check: Recorded move; Bf5 ranked higher · Qc4 Qh5+ Kg2 Rf2+.
-
41...Rh4+
A forcing check
Board fact: Black moves the rook from f4 to h4; the move checks White's king; the rook now works on a semi-open h-file; from h4 it attacks White's knight on h6.
Fixed engine check: Recorded move; Qh5+ ranked higher · Rh4+ Kg2 Rxh2+ Kxh2.
-
42.Kg2
Answering the check
Board fact: White answers the check by moving the king from h3 to g2; from there it controls f3.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Kg2 Rxh2+ Kxh2 Qxg3+.
-
42...Rxh2+
Capture with check on h2
Board fact: Black's rook takes the pawn on h2; the move checks White's king; the rook now occupies the open h-file; from h2 it attacks White's knight on h6; black is ahead by 4 conventional material points after the capture.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Rxh2+ Kxh2 Qxg3+ Kh1.
-
43.Kxh2
Recapture on h2
Board fact: White's king recaptures the rook on h2; from h2 it reinforces the pawn on g3; white is ahead by 1 conventional material point after the capture.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Kxh2 Qxg3+ Kh1 Qh3+.
Endgame · 43...Qxg3+ to 45...Rg3+
-
43...Qxg3+
Capture with check on g3
Board fact: Black's queen takes the pawn on g3; the move checks White's king; from g3 it reinforces the rook on b3; material is level after the capture.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Qxg3+ Kh1 Qh3+ Kg1.
-
44.Kh1
Answering the check
Board fact: White answers the check by moving the king from h2 to h1; the reduced material makes this king activation practical.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Kh1 Qh3+ Kg1 Rg3+.
-
44...Qh3+
A forcing check
Board fact: Black moves the queen from g3 to h3; the move checks White's king; from h3 it attacks White's knight on h6.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Qh3+ Kg1 Rg3+ Kf2.
-
45.Kg1
Answering the check
Board fact: White answers the check by moving the king from h1 to g1; the reduced material makes this king activation practical.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Kg1 Rg3+ Kf2 Rg2+.
-
45...Rg3+
A forcing check
Board fact: Black moves the rook from b3 to g3; the move checks White's king; the rook now occupies the open g-file; from there it controls c3, d3 and e3.
Fixed engine check: Ranked first · Rg3+ Kf2 Rg2+ Ke1.
PGN
Sources and checking
Score source: Chess Database, version 1 by Ana Schaigorodsky (2016), licensed under CC BY 4.0. LibreChess selected the exact score identified by sha256:af7fa7a5086f89e2e9d873b5dff3ce1734d68627987643d85ed83191c96a654e and pins it in the selection manifest.
Exact Figshare tags:White="Steinitz, William"; Black="Anderssen, Adolf"; Event="Baden-Baden"; Date="1870.07.23"; Result="0-1". LibreChess parsed the main line with chess.js and stores normalised SAN. Source comments, side variations and termination detail were not retained.
LibreChess checks every SAN move with chess.js and compares the result and move sequence with a stored reference. The engine comparison was calculated offline from the fixed settings above; it is not a source for historical claims. No termination is inferred where the imported score does not preserve one.
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